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Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is a life-threatening complication of transcatheter mitral valve replacement caused by septal displacement of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML). The AML is a mobile structure that physically separates inflow and outflow zones of the left ventricle. Preserving the AML during surgical mitral valve replacement can cause left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, either when the prosthesis struts protrude into the left ventricular outflow tract or when along redundant anterior leaflet prolapses into the left ventrical outflow tract.

The technology addresses treatment options for diseases such as sickle-cell and thalassemia. Traditionally, such beta-globinopathies are treated through bone marrow transplantation. However, this method is limited due to high treatment costs and finding a matched-donor. This relies on increasing fetal hemoglobin to potentially cure the disease. NIH inventors have identified a protein called Rio-Kinase 3 (RIOK3), that inhibits the production of fetal hemoglobin. Their work shows that inhibiting RIOK3 increases the production of fetal hemoglobin.

The present invention provides a method and device for eliminating alias artifacts encountered in MRI when the field of view is made smaller than the subject being imaged. Significant advantages accrue from reducing the field of view to a smaller region of interest. These include reduced imaging time, increased spatial and temporal resolution, and less susceptibility to motion artifacts. The device operates by dephasing the magnetic resonance signal in regions away from the region of interest by means of a gradient insert.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become a mainstay of therapy for many cancers. However, antibody therapy is not completely effective in some applications due to loss of the target surface antigen on cancer cells. Such mAb-induced “escape variants” are no longer sensitive to the therapeutic mAb therapy. It was observed that the escape variants carried covalently bound complement activation fragments, especially C3d. NIH inventors have generated several C3d-specific mouse and rabbit monoclonal antibodies to re-target cells that have escaped from mAb therapy.

This technology includes the use of auranofin for the treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Auranofin is currently approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and has been shown to display anti-cancer activity. CLL is a blood and bone marrow disease that usually progresses over a lengthy period of time and normally occurs in middle-age adults. The current therapeutic options for CLL patients are limited, and there are few therapies under development.

This technology includes the generation and use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines that can be used to study and screen potential therapeutics for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). LSDs are a group of 50 genetic disorders caused by mutations in the genes encoding lysosomal enzymes and proteins. Although various therapeutic approaches exist, most cases of LSDs are not effectively treated due to a lack of therapeutics (including stem cells and recombinant proteins).

These patent applications describe the cloning and characterization of the full-length genome of adeno-associated virus type 4 (AAV4). AAV4, like other members of the AAV family, may be useful as a vector for gene therapy.

Enteric viruses like norovirus, rotavirus and astrovirus mainly transmit through fecal-oral route by ingestion of contaminated food and water and productively replicate in the intestines. Recently, researchers at National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) identified a second route of enteric viral transmission by demonstrating that these viruses also productively and persistently infect salivary glands, reaching titers comparable to that in intestines.

Feedback vasodilation by endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is under the regulation of globins. NIH Researchers discovered that not only the alpha globin but also the beta globin subunits of hemoglobin are expressed in the human artery wall, with beta globin interacting directly with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

Patient conditioning is a critical initial step in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation procedures to enable marrow engraftment of infused cells. Conditioning regimens have traditionally been achieved by delivering cytotoxic doses of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation. However, these regimens are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and cannot be used safely in elderly or subjects with comorbidities.