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This technology includes the use of pyridines for anticancer treatment. A common feature of cancer cells is a high level of reactive oxygen species with a concomitant increase of two antioxidative systems to combat the toxicity: the glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Inhibiting either, or both, of these systems is a promising avenue to target cancer cells. Thioredoxin Reductase 1 (Trxr1) is an important selenoprotein in the thioredoxin antioxidative system which has been implicated as a potential anti-cancer target.

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) comprises a relatively common and heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism. Most affected individuals display severe multisystemic disease characterized by metabolic instability, chronic renal disease, and neurological complications. Patients with the cobalamin A (cblA) subtype of MMA can have variable presentations, spanning the full spectrum of MMA associated symptoms and pathology, yet always harbor an element of clinical and biochemical responsiveness to injectable vitamin B12.

Cobalamin C deficiency (cblC) is the most common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism and is caused by mutations in MMACHC, a gene responsible for processing and trafficking dependent enzymes: intracellular cobalamin, resulting in elevated methylmalonic acid and homocysteine and methionine deficiency. Disease manifestations include growth failure, anemia, cardial defects and progressive blindness.

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) and the related disorder Propionic Acidemia (PA) comprise a relatively common and heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism. NHGRI scientist discovered that in isolated MMA, a novel inhibitory PTM, methylmalonyllysine, is generated and inactivates protein targets through the failure of SIRT-mediated deacylation, and identified a series of antibodies for PTM specificity.

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in either PCCA or PCCB. The products of these genes form the alpha and beta subunits of the enzyme propionyl-Co A carboxylase (PCC), a critically important mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids. NHGRI scientist have developed new mouse models that more closely mimic the nature of mutations seen in patients, such as missense mutations, small insertion and deletions, splicing defects, and frameshift changes.

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) comprises a relatively common and heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism. In order to create mouse models of MMA to resemble the pathogenic mutations seen in patients, the NHGRI scientist used genome editing to generate new mutants of the Mmut allele -p.Pro207 _Lys210del. In order to create mouse models of MMA to resemble the pathogenic mutations seen in patients, the NHGRI scientist used genome editing to generate new mutants of Mmut allele -p.Pro207 _Lys210del. This allele recapitulates a 12-nucleotide deletion in exon 3 of Mmut.

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) comprises a relatively common and heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism. In order to create mouse models of MMA to resemble the pathogenic mutations seen in patients, the NHGRI scientist used genome editing to generate new mutants of Mmut allele -p.G715V. This allele recapitulates a missense mutation seen in multiple patients with the disorder. Of note and emphasis is the fact that there are no transgene cassettes or other alternations to the Mmut locus in these new mouse models.

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in either Propionyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (PCCA) or Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta (PCCB). The products of these genes form the alpha and beta subunits of the enzyme propionyl-Co A carboxylase (PCC), a critically important mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids.

Isolated Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) comprises a relatively common and heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism. In order to create mouse models of MMA to resemble the pathogenic mutations seen in patients, the NHGRI scientist used genome editing to generate new mutants of the Mmut allele - p.R106C. This allele recapitulates a missense mutation seen in multiple patients with the disorder. Of note and emphasis is the fact that there are no transgene cassettes or other alternations to the Mmut locus in these new mouse models.

Deficiency of the enzyme in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) results is a life-threatening disease, methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), that carries high rates of morbidity and mortality.